The environmental entrepreneurship

The surroundal entrepreneurshipIntroductionGeneral undercoatEco-preneurship refers to the surroundal entrepreneurship who atomic number 18 poised towards coming up with sustain sufficient-bodied championship ideas (Libecap, 2009, p.34). EcoPreneurs indeed identify environmental challenges and thus develop environmental products and function which leave behind aid in solving both the strain and environmental challenges by providing a sustainable solution. The main rivalrous advantage for Eco-preneurship clientelees is the situation that they argon able to utilize sustainable options in strength, bumble perplexity and other spectra of the ecosystem.Identification of the problemIt is indeed emerging that salubrious-nigh of the business ventures today atomic number 18 only interested in profits and ontogeny without due concern on positive environmental impacts. It is this problem that gives face-lift to a set of sustainable business solutions provided by the EcoPrene urs. This paper shall examine to enlist the wellbeings of an eco-preneurship business venture.Statement of PurposeEco-preneurship makes companies to a greater extent environmentally responsible for(p) for their actions. In the recent past, there has been an outcry over the nose candy procession menace. Several conferences have yielded the Kyoto Protocol which aims at making industries more environment sensitive in their employment and general operation.There be non-homogeneous principles that hold eco-preneurship business ventures towards their sustainable business solutions. These principles are aimed at reducing energy waste as well as carbon copy emission. Businesses must recognize the fact that they owe a responsibility to the environment in which they operate in and must therefore develop sustainable solutions towards tackling problems think to waste care, energy needs, carbon emission, hazardous chemical usage as well as air pollution.What is imperative to cons ider is the fact that close to of the eco-preneurship business ventures derive umpteen hits as a result of their eco-friendly business operations. This paper succinctly looks into the benefits that eco-preneurship has both to itself and the larger environment in which it operates. main(prenominal) BodyAs earlier mentioned, eco-preneurship refers to environmental entrepreneurship. Eco-preneurship usually has a competitive advantage that they draw from being environmentally sensitive. Indeed, there are many benefits that the eco-preneurship business ventures enjoy.Isaak (1999, p.11) reveals that eco-preneurship enjoys a good reputation due to their initiatives towards maintaining a sustainable environment. This advantage gives eco-preneurships a competitive advantage against competitors and then these companies are able to amass a large number of customers, both existing and unseasoned customers. With the large number of customers among the eco-preneurship ventures, there give b e increased sales volumes which translate into profitable business ventures.Eco-preneurship mark offs that carbon emissions are debased to paltry levels. nose candy emission is the main concern of every major ships company in the world today. Following the Kyoto Protocol, companies are required to be more vigilant in reducing their carbon emission. Since eco-preneurship is poised towards providing sustainable environmental solutions, reducing carbon emission has been at their foresight. Eco-preneurships therefore reduce carbon emission by reduced transportation. These companies are able to introduce environmentally sound solutions towards reducing transportation by utilizing the locally gettable fabric for their production lines hence reducing the need to purchase such items from a distant location.According to Schaltegger and Wagner (2006, p.47), the environment is full of eco-opportunities which would provide a notwithstanding in time solution to the problems that the environment encounters on a day-after-day basis. For instance, considering McDonalds, a large hamburger restaurant ready in most parts of the world such a company could utilize locally supplied chicken and other food stuffs that it requires in its production process. Moreover, this will chairman to the growth of small and medium enterprises in the countries of operation. Therefore, the eco-preneurship will be able to support sustainable environmentally sound solutions and efficaciously reducing the carbon emission menace. Alternatively, using solar or wind energy excessively helps reduce the carbon emission. Most eco-preneurships make utilize of these energy sources for the benefit of their environment.On the other hand, eco-preneurship is able to reduce the amount of hazardous chemical usage. Many eco-preneurships usually make habituate of chemicals that are not prejudicial to the environment. Chemical use inwardly companies usually finds its way into the environment, eith er through seepage or intentionally (Folmer Tietenberg, 2005, p.114). These chemicals cause huge environmental slander to crops and living organisms. Eco-preneurships therefore reduce the amount of hazardous chemical usage. Chemicals that are used within the eco-preneurship business ventures should be tested and properly handled so as to reduce the chances of releasing them into the environment.Energy and preference efficiency is another(prenominal) benefit that the eco-preneurships have. Eco-preneurships usually seek sustainable energy use in order to ensure that there is limited energy loss during the production of goods and services. The preserved energy is thus channeled towards meeting other energy requirements within the venture.A good practice of efficient energy use by the eco-preneurships, is the use of solar and wind moguls. These are sustainable and re modernable energy resources which are likely to lead to reduced carbon emission. These sources of energy are usually considered to be pick. The advantage of this is that, the eco-preneurship will incur fewer cost in their energy use since they will have depended on sustainable and renewable energy sources. Saving is a major advantage and benefit that eco-preneurships derive from their sustainable environmental solutions and should therefore uphold these values (Isaak, 1998, p.16).In addition, eco-preneurship ensures that there is an effective waste management system in tramp so that any wastes that rise from the business venture is indeed managed properly, hence reducing the amount of environmental pollution. Industrial waste is a care to most of the businesses. Eco-preneurship therefore provides a sustainable solution towards this dilemma. As such, eco-preneurships are largely competitive due to the fact that they introduce sustainable waste management systems which effectively deal with the environmental challenges pertaining to waste management (Schaper, 2005, p.63).An example of a waste m anagement system that the eco-preneurship puts in place is found in the sugar cane factories. The bargase which is the waste obtained from crushing the sugarcane is used to dumbfound energy. The bargase is burned in chambers that produce energy that is later channeled towards play turbines. The turbines produce electricity cheaply for use within the company. Some of the sugarcane waste is also decomposed and used as manure by the farmers. Hence, there is limited waste in eco-preneurship.Both good and liquid wastes are effectively managed in the eco-preneurships. There is a well managed system that ensures that solid wastes are treated first before being released into the environment. Hence, eco-preneurships are environmentally sensitive thus garnering support for such companies among world leaders.Eco-preneurship makes efficient use of water resources. Water is increasingly becoming scarce in the high-energy weather climate that we continue to experience. Therefore, this calls for efficient use of water. Eco-preneurships are full since they put in place systems that ensure that there is efficient use of water resources. For example, in the sugarcane manufacturing plant, water that is used to clean the factory is channeled towards irrigating the crops hence ensuring limited water wastage.In addition, eco-preneurships ensure that there is slight air pollution. This is because of the sustainable and renewable energy that the companies use. For instance, solar and wind power are clean energy sources thus less air pollution to the environment. This is beneficial to the eco-preneurships since they are likely to gain international recognition that will boost their image internationally hence the company will chance an increase in customer volumes (Libecap, 2009, p.28). The large pool of customers will quit to high sales volume and therefore more profitability for the eco-preneurships.Eco-preneurships are socially responsible since they promote sustainable en vironmental solutions and as such are revered as being socially sensitive. The eco-preneurships through their environmental awareness creation are likely to increase opportunities that are uncommitted for the employment of various personnel. These personnel will be deployed in the environment department so as to support the core values of the eco-preneurships.Folmer and Tietenberg (2005, p.34) fence that the alternative use of energy solutions is likely to save the company fiscal resources that will be used in employing more staff to ensure a sustainable business environment. Many times, the Eco-preneurships will be implicated with finding better ways of managing the environment and thus the need for more innovation which can only be realized through injecting new human resources into their systems.ConclusionEco-preneurships are therefore bent towards ensuring a clean environment for the benefit of the community within. The environmental entrepreneurs also help to reduce carbon e mission through the use of renewable energy sources that emanate from solar and wind power. These energy sources therefore help to reduce the be of production as well, hence leading to more profitability for the eco-preneurships.It is a known fact that eco-preneurships usually have the best waste management systems in place. As such, this helps to reduce pollution within the operating environment. Carbon emission remains the biggest challenge for most companies (Isaak, 1999, p.64). However, Eco-preneurships have been able to effectively reduce carbon emission through the use of locally available raw materials in their production process and thus less transportation.Therefore, eco-preneurships will have a good reputation and a competitive sharpness against the other business ventures hence, this will lead to more customers and thus high sales volumes. Profitability in this case will be inevitable. Companies should therefore be driven towards a sustainable environment so as to ensu re that they are able to save costs as well as manage their wastes effectively.ReferencesFolmer, H., Tietenberg, T 2005, The international yearbook of environmental and resourceeconomics 2005/2006 a survey of current issues, Edward Elgar Washington.Isaak, R 1998, Green system of logic ecopreneurship, theory and ethics, Greenleaf Sydney.Isaak, R.A 1999, Green logic ecopreneurship, theory, and ethics, Kumarian Press Michigan.Libecap, G.D 2009, Frontiers in Eco Entrepreneurship Research, Emerald Group issueEdinburgh.Schaltegger, S., Wagner, M 2006, Managing the business case for sustainability theintegration of social, environmental and economic performance, Greenleaf Michigan.Schaper, M 2005, Making ecopreneurs developing sustainable entrepreneurship, AshgatePublishing, Ltd New York.

Representations of media in film

Representations of media in imageQuestion 2 Comp atomic number 18 and Contrast the Approaches to the Representations of the two antithetic Media in to the highest degree historied (2000) and Anchorman The Legend of Ron Burgundy (2004).Word count 2305 Al nigh kn have is a 1998 American film order by Cameron Crowe, it tells the story of the 1970s American unmanageable rock hoop Stillwater struggling in the harsh mettle of stardom from the perspective of a Rolling St ace Magazine journalist William milling machine (Patrick Fugit). Anchorman The Legend of Ron Burgundy is a 2004 American jeer film directed by Adam McKay, it tells the story of how Ron Burgundy (Will Ferrell), a famous telly intelligence service anchor in San Diego, descends from fame and later comeback. I choose these two films as both protagonists William moth miller and Ron Burgundy argon from San Diego and these two different stories happened in the akin period of measure mid 1970s. They both portray the m edia effects on audiences and their reaction to these audiences. In approximately famous, audiences atomic number 18 visualised as brisk to the music industry and have a good knowledge of the enjoyment business. In contrast, audiences in Anchorman argon presumed as peaceful receivers of TV news information right at the beginning. It lacks in force(p) critics of flatts. Females are presented good in both films as of the essence(predicate) tho a scupper to the male characters. Almost Famous treats women less earnestly unless females are free to do what they like. On the contrary, female characters in Anchorman are constantly under male power and cannot do what they want but they are treated more mightily as a practitioner inside the industry. Both films shed light upon the gender contrast in a serious tone. I am going to subprogram theories of reflexivity to examine how audiences are portrayed respectively in two different types of media. I impart alike use the theories of self-reflexivity to compare the difference amongst two industries in terms of the production and competition. I will use inter schoolbookuality to discuss the genres of two films. Reflexivity, argued by Rosenberg (1990. p3), refers to the process of an entity acting back upon itself. Almost Famous and Anchorman both reflected the media effects on audiences. Almost Famous started its story in the house of the millers. The kickoff actual audience mentioned in the film is William millers sister Anita Miller (Zooey Deschanel) who is a real number fan of rock n roll music. She is an inner-directed person and regards rock n roll music as an integral part of her hearttime and her future. Elaine Miller (Frances McDormand), m opposite of William and Anita, is a traditional-minded woman who teaches in a local college. Her ideas would not on the wholeow Anita to get involved with the low culture she deemed. Anita angrily leaves her understructure at the age of 18 and start s her rush as an air stewardess. At the very beginning of the film, the notion of audience is seriously examined. The graduation audience of music is portrayed as brave and, most-importantly, fully aware of their hold behaviours and wants. Before Anita leaves home, she holds her brother William and tells him Look under your bed. Judging from those exhausted surfaces of records and the notes she made on each one of them, we can speculate hither Anita has been a very patriotic fan and has spent much time, aught and money on the medium she consumes. William is clearly influenced by her sister as he later grows up to be an even more loyal fan to rock music. It would be tall(prenominal) to imagine that in much(prenominal) a strict household, an obedient young child like William Miller will grow up to be a journalist on rock n roll which is against his mothers will. He oftentimes writes for Creem magazine and knows every vocal from his lyrics. The devotion wins the break for hi m to make friends with musicians as he uses the word incendiary to describe the Fever Dog song of Stillwater right in front of its members. His passion in pursuing his career as a journalist even makes him give up the chance of attending his graduation ceremony. Another important character inside the film is cent Lane (Kate Hudson), the founder of Band Aid. She gathers friends to support bands they love preferably of just passively listening to their songs without thinking. Penny and William sometime challenge the thoughts of their idols and will give them some constructive ideas. The sad thing is that they have neer been regarded seriously until the very end of the film. Anchorman also examines the media effect on audiences but in a less serious tone. From the beginning, a non-diegetic phonation narrates the traits of video audiences in the 1970s There was a time, a time before cable, when the local anchorman reigned supreme, when people believed everything they heard on TV. T his statement at the very beginning positions TV audiences as passive receivers of information. The first time when Ron Burgundy starts broadcasting, an old rocker-like man yells in a except hey everybody, shut the hell up, Ron Burgundy is on. The following prospect is a bambino saying her first words Ron Burgundy. It is a clearly a calculator generated scene. However, it is a metaphor of the everyplacewhelming power of video in 1970s. cling classy San Diego is what Ron Burgundy says every time at the end of his broadcasting. Then we command people from different places (home, bar, work place), young or old, white or black, repeat after Ron. This scene fortifies the idea of Televisions exercise over audiences. In a general case in film, males are often portrayed as heroes who struggle and females are put to a less important position (Mortimer, 1997). In both films, females play a great part of the plot but inevitably render portrayed as sex objects. In Almost Famous, Penny Lane and her band aid claim to be supporters of band only, however, ironically, they failed to escape the fate as groupies. Penny Lane is in a very subtle but intimate relationship with Stillwaters guitarist Russell Hammond (Billy Crudup). In many occasion Penny is braless and wears a very thin top or blouse. When the band Stillwater travels to Cleveland, Penny Lane and Russell Hammond are flirting with each other and Penny only wears her panties. There is even short scene demo her breasts and her full naked back. Other girls, for example, Polexia (Anna Paquin) is one hundred percent a groupie who tried every time to make out with rock stars and even travels all the centering from America to Europe to be with Deep Purple. When William Miller is writing his ideas for Rolling Stone magazine in a bathtub, Penny comes straight in to pee just in front of him. afterwards William is dragged out by three other young women into bedroom. They claim to mar Opie and Opie should die. afterw ard we see the pace of imaged has been slowed down, the vibe on the classify becomes highly erotic when they start to undress William and themselves. In Anchorman there is only one woman who has been seriously portrayed Veronica Corningstone (Christina Applegate). When she enters the vallecula 4 word of honor station for the first day, members from distribution channel 4 stark nakeds Team try to seduce her and refuse to take her seriously as a journalist or a colleague. Veronica became the object of their internal imagination when they talk about her good body inside the office. Later Ron tries to date her and succeeds at that night and has sex with her. When Ron talks about her life with Veronica in the future with his teammates, Veronica is only wearing a cook apron. The conversation is highly erotic likewise and Veronica in his imagination is a full-time housewife without any careerism. The image of women is lush and the relationship amidst male and female protagonists becomes obvious. Women are portrayed as mens most important and shiny accessories, however, to a certain(prenominal) extent, they are a threat to the career of the male protagonists. The flight scene in Almost Famous exposes the promiscuous relationships between band members which pee a huge brawl between them. In Anchorman, Veronica, with her talent and hard work, makes Ron out of job and takes over as the Channel 4 New anchor. In both films, women function as erotic objects both for the characters within the story and for the spectator, who identifies with the main male protagonist and derives a sense impression of omnipotence from this appellation (Mulvey, 1975. p14). Talking about gender inequality, it is a different landscape between these two films. Women in the music industry are more belike to be themselves. They choose their favourite music, the bands they watch, the food they eat, the place they are and the life they want. Being a journalist in the Television industry , Veronica is not lucky enough to be like them and choose the things she likes to do. As she mentions it is the same everywhere that men make jokes of women. To be the best journalist is the way to get respect. The good thing is that Veronica achieved success and became the first female anchor in America. And later the configuration of having two anchors, one male and one female, report news is nowadays a resolved form. Females inside television industry are treated more seriously as women in contrast to sex objects in music industry. Self-reflexivity is apply to describe films or texts which self-consciously acknowledge or reflect upon their own status as fictional artefacts or the processes involved in their mental hospital (Krenn, 2007. p36). Almost Famous exposes some of the ugliest facts about the rock music industry. lie is the most severe problem within the industry and inside people. The first time William meets Jeff Bebe (Jason Lee), Jeff tries to glorify himself by st ating rock n roll is a way of thinking, a life style. Fame and money are not important but the chicks are great. He sounds like a scalawag who is desperately for staying the spotlight, a hobo who is desperately to be cool. When he says all these things, we can see that Russell is looking at him contemptuously which shows that he knows Jeff is pretending to be someone he is not. Russell, compared to Jeff, has a more honest carriage on music. He tells William what makes a song is actually those tiny mistakes. You impoverishment only one in the song, and it is what makes fans remember it. The production process in Anchorman seems not very professional. The film constantly shows the mistakes inside Channel 4 News Studio such as the mistakes on the teleprompter and Ron Burgundys grumpy character and his low IQ (e.g. He reads out anything he sees). The sense of responsibility is different in two films. Stillwater gives up a show half way and leaves the venue straight away. In televisio n news industry however, when some emergencies happened, there is always a back-up protrude to keep thing going. Mead (1934) and Cooley (1902) showed clearly that reflexivity among human beings is rooted in the social process, particularly the process of taking the role of the other and of comprehend the self from the others perspective (Rosenburg, M. 1990, p3). The Rolling Stone magazine which trashed Eric Claptons Layla also ended the career of Stillwater. They hasted too much to be famous but lost themselves. Williams article wakes them up but it is already too late to re-establish a good public image. Ron Burgundy learnt from his failure and realised the hard work of Veronica, he finally got to know who he should be and in concert they made a huge progress for television news industry. The most hilarious sequence in Anchorman is the fight between flipper news teams. They fight each other near a manufactory which make people think of the typical gang fight scenes in other fil ms. The fight is fierce and the casualties are heavy. The siren of the police ends this chaos. This is a satire of the vicious and sometimes illegal competitions for higher ratings inside the television news industry. Intertextuality strongly linked with postmodernism, designates, in its narrow sense, the ways in which a film either explicitly or implicitly refers to others films (e.g. by means of allusion, imitation, parody or pastiche), or in its broader sense, the various relationships on (film) text may have with other texts (Nelmes, 2012. p191). Both films are based on historical events, so they are themselves inherently examples of intertextuality. Almost Famous is a drama in terms of genre. It vividly retells the stories of a band which failed to become a hit. It tells us a story about chasing dreams and making mistakes. Those pieces of alright music are an intertext of nostalgia for old good times. Anchorman is a parody and this decides it will not analyse events in a more serious fashion, but it shows a historic event of women being recognised in the television broadcasting industry. It is these use of techniques of intertextuality that add power of credibility to the films. correspond and contrast the representation of media in these two films, the medias effect over audiences has been examined in both films. Almost Famous tends to analyse the audiences reaction to media effect from the perspective of individuals. Most notably, it uses three characters, William, Anita and Penny, to show audiences alert reaction to the medium they love and live on. Anchorman tends to present television news audiences as a passive whole group. The individual characteristics are diminished. Both films recognise the importance of females inside the society. Females in Almost Famous have more freedom to do what they like but failed to be taken seriously as women by the society. In Anchorman, the gender inequality is a more prominent problem but females are justly trea ted as women with dignity and characteristics. They both used intertextuality to create the sense of reality, but one with a more serious tone as a drama and the other less critical as a parody.BibliographyCooley, C. H. (1902) Human Nature and cordial Order. Charles Scribners Sons.Krenn, S. (2007) Oriental and Postmodern Elements in Moulin Rouge. Universitt Stuttgart DeutschlandMead, G. H. (1934) Mind, Self and Society From the Standpoint of s Social Behaviourist.Chicago The University of Chicago Press.Mulvey L. (1975). Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema. In L. Braudy and marshal Cohen (eds), shoot Theory and Criticism Introductory Readings. New York and Oxford Oxford University Press, 1999, pp.6-18.Nelmes, J. (2012). Introduction to Film Studies. 5th Edition. London Routledge.Rosenberg, M. (1990) Reflexivity and Emotions in Social Quarterly, Vol. 53, No. 1.(Mar, 1990), pp 3-12.FimographyAlmost Famous (2000). Film order by Cameron CROWE. USA Dreamworks.Anchorman The Legend of R on Burgundy (2004). Film Directed by Andy MCKAY. USA Dreamworks.1

Theories Of Intellectual Property Philosophy Essay

Theories Of Intellectual Property ism EssayIntroductionThe terminus ingenious prop refers to a loose cluster of legal doctrines that mould the uses of different sorts of ideas and insignia. The law of secure protects sundry(a) original forms of expression. The economic and cultural importance of this collection of rules is increasing rapidly. And lawmakers through with(predicate) with(predicate)out the world are busily revising their intellectual- property laws.1Partly as a result of these trends, scholarly enliven in the sketch has risen dramatically in recent years. on that point has been an evident mushrooming of articles deploying theories of intellectual property in law reviews and in journals of economics and philosophy. This article discusses those theories, evaluates them, and considers the roles they do and ought to play in law do.Different jurisprudential approaches in IP law makingMost of the recent theoretical literature consist of struggles among and wi deox idize iv jurisprudential approaches of intellectual property law.1.2.1 useful smell of IP jurisprudenceThe start-off and roughly popular of the four employs the familiar utilitarian slip awayline that lawmakers essential put emphasis on maximization of net brotherly welfare while shaping property rights. In the context of intellectual property, it is generally thought that, lawmakers must hydrant an optimal balance between, on i hand, the individual rights of the creator and on the other hand maximization of everyday interest.A good mannequin in this regard is William Landess and Richard Posners essay on copyright law2. The typical characteristics of most intellectual products are that they are easily replicated. Those characteristics in gang create a danger that the creators of such(prenominal) products will be otiose to recoup their costs of expression (i.e. the time and effort devoted to composition or composing and the costs of negotiating with publishers or reco rd companies), because they will be undercut by copyists who bear single the low costs of exertion (the costs of manufacturing and distributing books or CDs) and thus can offer consumers identical products at very low prices. Awareness of this danger will deter creators from making socially valuable intellectual products in the first instance. We can turn away this by allocating to the creators (for limited times) the exclusive right to make copies of their creations. All of the various alternative ways in which creators might be empowered to recruit their costs are, for mavin reason or another, more wasteful of social resources.3 This utilitarian rationale, however has been criticized on the ground of its tendency to create monopoly rights.A related argument dominates the trademark law. The primary economic benefits of trademarks, are (1) the step-d proclaim of consumers search costs, because consumers can rely upon their prior experiences with various brands while deciding w hich brand to buy in future, and (2) the creation of an incentive for businesses to produce systematically high-quality goods and services. On the other hand while dealing with its criticism, trademarks can sometimes be socially harmful also, like for example, by enabling the first entrant into a market to discourage competition by appropriating for itself an especially attractive or informative brand name. Awareness of these benefits and harms should (and ordinarily does), guide legislators and judges when tuning trademark law marks should be (and usually are) protected when they are socially beneficial and not when they are, on balance, deleterious.41.2.2 repel scheme and its jurisprudential aspectRobert Nozick5after associating himself with Lockes argument, Nozick turns his attention to Lockes famously evasive proviso the proposition that a person may legitimately discover property rights by mixing his labor movement with resources held in common only if, after the acqui sition, there is enough and as good left in common for others.6Nozick contends that the correct interpretation of this limitation is that the acquisition of property through labor is legitimate if and only if other persons do not spite thereby any net harm. Construed in this modality, the Lockean proviso is not violated, Nozick argues, by the assignment of a homely right to an inventor because, although other persons get to to the invention is undoubtedly limited by the issuance of the patent, the invention would not take hold existed at all had the inventor not put in any effort due to fear of copying.1.2.3 Personality theory and its jurisprudential aspectThe premise of the third approach derived loosely from the writings of Kant and Hegel i.e. private property rights are crucial to the satisfaction of some fundamental piece needs policymakers should thus strive to create and allocate entitlements to resources in the fashion that best enables people to fulfill those needs. From this standpoint, intellectual property rights may be justified either on the ground that they shield from appropriation or modification artifacts through which authors and artists have expressed their wills (an activity thought primaeval to personhood) or on the ground that they create social and economic conditions contributing(prenominal) to creative intellectual activity, which in turn is important to human flourishing.7Justin Hughes derives from Hegels Philosophy of Rights the following guidelines concerning the proper shape of an intellectual-property system (a) We should be more involuntary to accord legal protection to the fruits of highly expressive intellectual activities, (b) Because a persons persona his public image, including his physical features, mannerisms, and history is an important part of reputation, it deserves magnanimous legal protection, despite the fact that ordinarily it does not result from labor (c) Authors and inventors should be permitted to earn respect, honor, admiration, and money from the public by selling or giving away copies of their works.81.2.4 Social planning theory and its jurisprudential aspectThe last of the four approaches says that, property rights in general and intellectual-property rights in point can and should be shaped so as to help treasure the achievement of a just and attractive culture. This approach is connatural to utilitarianism in its orientation, but dissimilar in its willingness to deploy visions of a desirable club richer than the macrocosms of social welfare deployed by utilitarians.9Other writers who have approached intellectual-property law from similar perspectives include Keith Aoki, Rosemary Coombe10, Niva Elkin-Koren, and Michael Madow.11As yet, however, this fourth approach is less easy established and recognized than the other triplet.1.3 Varying jurisprudential views in US, UK, France and Ger numerousUntil recently, the personality theory had much less currency in Ame rican law. thus far in contrast, it has figured very prominently in Europe.The French and German copyright regimes, for example, have been strongly shaped by the writings of Kant and Hegel. This exploit is especially evident in the generous protection those countries erect for authors and artists rights. In the past two decades, moral-rights doctrine and the philosophic perspective on which it rests have found increasing favor with American lawmakers, as evidenced most clearly by the proliferation of state art-preservation statutes and the recent adoption of the federal opthalmic Artists Rights Act.12Critical analysis of the theories of IP jurisprudenceLawmakers are confronted these days with many difficult questions involving rights to control information. The proponents of all four leading theories purport to provide lawmakers with answers to the upcoming questions in IP jurisprudence. Unfortunately, our choice among these four options will a great deal make a big difference . The third, for instance, suggests that we should insist, before issuing a patent or other intellectual-property right, that the discovery in question must accomplish a meaningful utility requirement the other three would not.The here and now would counsel against conferring legal rights on artists who love their work the other three point in the opposite direction. The fourth would suggest that we add to copyright law a requirement analogous to the patent doctrine of non unequivocalness the others would not.In short, a lawmakers inability to choose among the four will often be disabling.Similar troubles arise when one tries to apply Lockes conception of the commons to the field of intellectual property.What exactly are the raw materials, owned by the community as a whole, with which individual workers mix their labor in entrap to produce intellectual products? It is agreed that IP law would have to be radically revised to conform to the Lockean scheme.But the scale of the neces sary rewrite is daunting. Is it justifiable on Lockean or any other premises -that if one thinks of a new way of dancing he claim IP protection and prevent everybody else from doing the same?Similarly, by registering the trademark Nike, can one prevent others from using it in any way- including reproducing it in an essay on intellectual property? If not, then whatIs the extent of these rights?We come, finally, to the well-known problem of proportionality. Nozick asksIf I pour my can of tomato juice into the ocean, do I own the ocean?How far, in short, do my rights go? Locke gives us little guidance.131.5 finishThe limitations of the guidance provided by general theories of intellectual property is perhaps easiest to catch out with respect to the last of the four approaches.Lawmakers who try to harness social-planning theory must make difficult choices at two levels.The first and most obvious involves formulating a vision of a just and attractive culture. What sort of guild shou ld we try, through adjustments of copyright, patent, and trademark law, to promote? The possibilities are endless.Through continued conversations among scholars, legislators, judges, litigants, lobbyists, and the public at large, there may lie some hope of addressing the inadequacies of the existing theories.The analytical difficulties associated with the effort to apply the Lockean version of labor theory to intellectual property may well prove insurmountable, but there may be some non-Lockean way of capturing the popular intuition that the law should vantage people for hard work.Only by continuing to discuss the misadventure and trying to bring some alternative variant of labor theory to bear on real cases can we hope to make progress. very much the same can be said of the gaps in personality theory. The conception of selfhood employed by current theorists may be too thin and acontextual to provide lawmakers much purchase on doctrinal problems.But perhaps, through continued reflection and conversation, we can do better.Conversational uses of intellectual property theories of the sort sketched above would be different from the way in which such theories most often have been deployed in the past.Instead of trying to oblige readers, through a combination of noncontroversial premises and inexorable logic, to select a particular interpretation or reform of legal doctrine, the jurists and lawmakers should attempt, by deploying a combination of theory and application, to strike a chord of apprehension in their audience.The sought-after response would not be, I cant attend any loopholes in the argument, but rather, it needs to be acknowledged and addressed.That conclusion, however, does not imply that the theories have no practical use.14In two respects, I suggest, they retain considerable value.First, while they have failed to make good on their promises to provide comprehensive prescriptions concerning the ideal shape of intellectual-property law, they can help make out nonobvious attractive resolutions of particular problems. Second, they can foster valuable conversations among the various participants in the lawmaking process.

Analysis of Tescos Online Marketing Strategy

Analysis of Tescos Online merchandising StrategyThe Importance of online hook in to age modern era is a detail that all organizations discover and commix in their systems. The fast attractive, handy and courtable nature of online shopping is a revelation and must be said an incredible beginning to the innovations in the modern days. People stern find what they need easily magic spell surfing from the convenience of their homes, and they female genital organ search for varieties as well as look for desirable discounts tie in to different products. However, it is important to profit that in that respect atomic number 18 certain cons related with the idea of earnings shopping as some people still believe that internet shopping is more than risky than traditional shopping callable to the lack of opportunity to physically examine the product and the lack of personal contact. Goldsmith and Goldsmith (2002) Phau Poon (2000).The sizeableness of the potential of the Internet in business transactions is undeniable in the modern age (Cheung and Lee, 2006). However, like all other technology, the pros and cons of Internet as a business medium be also widely accept by consumers as well as marketers, as while buyers can shop literally approximately the clock they may also convey to deal with enormous amounts of unwanted information about products (Huang, Chung and Chen, 2003). Hence, the need to critically examine the viability of this medium is crucially important for founding basis of next business environment (Clewley, Chen and Liu, 2009).Indeed the close to interesting feature of this new dimension of cheat oning and strategy-building is the behaviour of the consumers, which shows that online shopping the most normal purpose of Internet usage among common consumers (Forsythe and Shi, 2003). This has also increased context of interrogation on the subject of strategies used by faithfuls in retaining guests by the Internet (Reibstein, 2002 Ji ang and Rosenbloom, 2005), which are now practically important (Ellis-Chadwick, Doherty and Anastasakis, 2007).Aim and background signal of the ResearchThe stress and scope of this interrogation en presumption revolve around Tesco which is one of the UKs retailing monstrositys and enjoys a huge nominal head in the UK due to its wide scope network of retailing activities. This research aims at identifying and foreground the merchandising strategy of Tesco and the means it can cope with the fabrication norms and standards. The accent of the trade strategy will be on the e marketing or digital marketing framework applicable in the exertion and how Tesco can use the internet to market and sell its product along with widespread promotional campaigns and identification of the acquire behaviours. It is important to realize that Tesco cosmos a huge retail industry in the United commonwealth has a huge responsibility on its shoulder in magnitude to cater to the needs of its nodes who are the draw stakeholders in Tescos marketing strategies. invigorated ObjectivesSpecificMeasurableAchievableRealisticTimedThe Aim of this research shall be relevant to the SMART objectivesOBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCHThe Primary objective is to attain the consumers of the Tesco products beware of the online marketing tool.Another objective is to measure the performance of the online compose through internet surveys and consumers analysis of the products.Make efforts to increase the internet pulmonary tuberculosis through online marketing tools and advertising through a wide pasture of media players.Making a timely and budgeted forecasts of the efforts needed in internet marketing and the tools that are required for the effective internet marketing.Making realistic goals related to the efficiency of the marketing strategies and their effectiveness in bringing the internet to the consumers limen step.Research QuestionsFollowing are the proposed research questions for the conHow has IT helped Tesco in strategical guest retention over the years?What are the key determinants of victory for Tescos online marketing strategy?What are the fundamental elements of the e-marketing strategy of Tesco?What are the hereafter prospects of online marketing for Tesco?Primary Research and Data AnalysisThe primary research will be done through interviews and questionnaires that will focus on how the consumers prize about the online shopping and what motivates and molds them to shop online from Tesco.com. The data analysis will be done in order to gain influential insights into the marketing strategies of Tesco and online marketing strategies and what should be done to impact the international arena. Realizations of the buying behaviours is of all time crucial when doing the primary research as we will study in this literary productions that buying behaviours varies with respect to the demographics as well as it influences the orthogonal environment. This is a lso very significant due to the marketability of the tesco products as well as knowing that some people are not particularly surefooted while buying online while others prefer to buy online.CHAPTER 2 literary productions REVIEWTesco creation the leading fare retailers in the United domain and Ireland has its branches all over the UK. The ships social club excels in the provision of quality food items and other retail households. The high societys annual online sales exceeded an overwhelming $ 5 gazillion where as Tesco.com is know as the servicemans galacticst online grocer. The customer base that is attracted by Tesco is a little less than 1 million and more than 250,000 orders that are being completed each week. The company has a very effective and interconnected supply chain that consists of 1900 vans that operate and approx. 300 stores and 9000 pickers. The company dominated in the offline and online grocery market and has looked for other areas that need expansion, with a market cover of UK retailing being 12.5%. The main competition of tesco in the retail industry network is Asda, Morrisons, and Sainsbury. The Asda , that is owned by the US corporation Wall grocery store since the year 1999 is the only super market that has been a major competitor for Tesco. Wall Mart being the biggest food chain in the world has the annual sales that is eight times that of tesco, where as the clothing firm own by ASDA known as George provides a diverse contrive of clothing in the UK and in that respect are plans for the company to takeover Matalan, i.e. the giant clothing and home furnishing store. The other major competitors to Tesco are Sainsbury that used to be the UK s biggest grocer until 1995, when Tesco emerged as the leading grocer. However, despite the drastic declines in the performances of Sainsbury it is known that ASDAs share being 16.6% compared to Sainsburys 16.22% i.e. not far behind.However, there are manifestly diverse growth opportun ities for Tesco in the retail industry as Tesco believes that if there is any market share left there is also a potential for growth and expansion. In order to remove a comminuted and proper understanding of the online marketing policy as an analyst or a practitioner it is important to have a detailed study on the choices made by the organizations and also have an understanding of their behaviours. Shapiro, J.C hoque,K Keesler, I Richardson, R (2008). There are also some challenges faced by the company in online interchange i.e. how to succeed without having huge expenses. The course of this literature will focus primarily on the online marketing strategies for Tesco, merely it is first of all and important to discuss the technological drivers of change in the process. This is a fact that the UK internet penetration was virtually 64% and the Irelands internet penetration was almost 51% , however, these results secure very clear statements for new and emerging online shoppi ng markets. The company also relishes creating a valuable and sustainable supply chain, however, the company didnt have to change its supply chain due to its new strategy, but there was a need for more to be done in the area of online marketing. Tesco also defined and redefined the customer needs and also spread out the range of products being offered online and fulfilment of the needs. This new strategy also helped tesco immensely in the expansion of the product line without making any drastic changes.2.1 Digital merchandiseingTesco can use digital marketing with dependable effect to add value to the marketing strategies and promotional benefits. Although the company has a huge global presence but the growing age of the internet as a medium can be used much more effectively by the company. They can e-market and launch their upcoming products and sell it with a bigger and better effect. They must also look at the competitors digital marketing strategies and analyse the pros and c ons of e marketing as a tool. The global companies like ASDA, Sainsbury and Morrison are competitors of Tesco and they have a global presence as they use digital marketing with huge effect.2.2 Creative MarketingMarketing itself is a very germinal and innovative field with different applications and implications. However, notional marketing is something different and innovative than any other font of marketing. Tesco being a global smirch has a big patsy name as well as a distinguish go for. To admit this company must influence its marketing team to be creative and innovative by bringing various dimensions into the marketing strategies. Creativity will bring more enhancements and attractiveness into the diverse range of products that the company deals in. They can also bring competition in creativity by selling best ideas and rewarding those ideas accordingly. Creativity everlastingly influences the customer and selling strategies always lay a desirable impact on the sales a nd productivity of any firm. This literature will discuss how digital marketing and creative marketing aspects can be used by Tesco to influence the buying behaviour of their customers and target a huge audience.Online marketing is the best way to attract customers and have efficient and effective marketing strategies that will be sustainable for the companys growth in future. Its important to realize that marketing is a very tactical and at the same time somewhat skillful approach to bringing customers closer to the brand and creating a brand image as well as an influence in the eyes of the key stakeholders i.e. the consumers. Hence it is critical to understand the consumer behaviour and how the customers influences are affected by the change in the companys strategy. A customers committal is significant to achieve milestones and targets that are influenced by goals and agendas that are critical in the longer run and demonstrates a significant thinking of the behavioural aspects of the consumers.The Importance of spot IdentityBrand identity is one of the crucial elements in the value that a brand creates in terms of its marketability, accessibility, and competitiveness. Brand identity is a firms most valued assets that it can capitalize on to have profits for long periods as an identity is the most basic investment that a company makes to show its brand image. A brand identity has a lot to do with the online marketing and promotional aspects of the company like the calibre and stature of Tesco. Attracting customers towards a specific brand is not the only way a company can take advantage of its brand image it has also to focus on a strong employers brand. In totality it is important to realize that companies always capitalize on their initial marketing strategies, promotional campaigns and investments they make in their brand. Branding is a marketing strategy for creating, nurturing and even upbringing the development of relevant and appropriate brand value propositions Abimbola, T Kocak, A(2007). human body 1 Brand Image ModelConsumer BehaviourThe consumer behaviour is the relative with the consumers responsiveness and their attitudes. It has to do with the consumers reaction to the different products that are being launched in the retail industry (Tesco) and the products that are more famous amongst the consumers. There is a relation to the demographics of the environment i.e. the composition of the age, sex, age groups, location and cultural diversities. Companies these days have become more and more feedback oriented. Lerman, D (2006) with the help of customer merriment surveys and questionnaires. Consumers perceptions may differ from loyalty because of ignorance or lack of salience of origin.Consumer behaviour is basically the identification of consumers attitude towards a specific brand and as according to MacInnis, H(2007) attitudes are important because they guide our thoughts i.e. the cognitive function, influence our feelings, i.e. the emotional intelligence and also affect our behaviour i.e. the cognitive function. any(prenominal) the consumers of a certain product or influencing class decides which ads to read, whom to talk to, where to shop and where to eat is all based on the attitudes and their personal likings. This fact is identical in the case scenario of the all important retail industry where the affirm factor is important as people most often dont trust the least known or not well known brands in the industry. Online marketing can play a very significant part regards to the key aspects concerned with consumer behaviour and consumer dynamics and it is critical to realize how the consumers think of a specific brand and its branding importee related to the industry.Market SegmentationMarket segmentation is the defining and sub dividing a large common that into segments that are clearly identified and has similar requirements, and demand characteristics. These segmentations are made according to the diversities in the culture and the geographical norms. The 4 factors that has the most effects on the market are the clear identification of the segments, a measure of its effective size, accessibility through promotional efforts and appropriateness to the policies and the resources of the firm. The four basic market segmentation strategies are based on behavioural, demographic, psychographic and the geographical differences.Behavioural IntentionsBehavioural intentions have a huge amount of significance regards to the behaviours of customers in terms of a brands image and its significance. Attribution theory is concerned with all the aspects of assigning casual inferences and how these particular interpretations influence behaviours. Swanson, S.R Davis, J.C(2003). The behavioural approach has a generalized focus on the market share, brand allegiance, sole(prenominal) purchase, and elasticity and/ or price until switching. Both the behavioural and the attitudina l approaches are have been given heavy criticism while the attitudinal approach has focused fixed on the attitudes , the loyal and the disloyal acts , the brand preference of the consumers and the probability of purchase. White, C Yu, Y.T(2005). In the paradigm of the online marketing tools it is desirable and most significant to realize that how the behaviours and marketability aspects of the Tesco online products are grasped, evaluated and monitored by the consumers. node SatisfactionCustomer blessedness holds vigour regards to the branding strategies as customers are the end users of a product. Customer satisfaction can be achieved through absolute customer focus and customer retention that can only be achieved if the needs of the customers are catered memory in mind the productivity and brand loyalty aspects. According to Caruana, A(2002) the hope/ disconfirmation in the process theory provides a vast amount of satisfaction studies that rely heavily on expectations, perfor mance ,disconfirmation and satisfaction.Fig 2 Customer Satisfaction modelThe above model for customer satisfaction shows the customer as the mediator between the service quality and the service loyalty aspects that are involved in a customer and their relationship with a company. Customer acts as a backbone to the branding strategies of a company as the customer are the opinion makers regards to brand significance and its exposure in a market.

Teachers and modern classroom

Teachers and modern classroomthither take hold been profound changes in the instruction policies with the change in snips requiring skills from modern teachers that were non rase imagined mathematical in an earlier era. Gener ally teaching in classrooms were sessions that accustomd the board, lecture, and oral exam and written tests of the present and direct interaction between the teacher and students. This indispensable skills for the teacher corresponding a willingness to explain in depth, lecturing and debut skills, motivation and in some cases the excise of authority and leadership. This role is tardily changing and so is the method acting of the delivery of instruction. Today breeding is non in the lecture or library but on the earnings and some epochs lectures atomic number 18 replaces by multimedia presentations. The teacher today is called upon to be techno smart and highly germinal. This has posed problems for teachers who ar non develop in these technol ogies.Tied with modern concepts like involvement, and many other new concepts like global make up ones minding communities the teacher is always expected to upgrade their skills, and standards non only in the respective subjects but overly teaching skills and methods partd. This causes a dual draw. As it is in that location is a lack of information in the teaching departments about performance. Secondly teachers be yet to be adept properly in the use of information for the identification of weaker students and as well to substantiate their own deficiencies. therefrom teachers be non privy to data and where data is gettable every on the pedagogy prospects, or on the subjects or even on the students progress teachers ar unable to use the information meaningfully due to lack of competency in the use of engineering science or the necessary medium is not available to them perhaps even on cost considerations. Unfortunately much(prenominal) shifts have caused teaching simmer down to be academic based on formulas, and painting by numbers. engineering has make the primary- teach teachers into technicians. There ar more and more of the administrative demands on teachers, and with a larger population of students and changes in policy that make companionable practices become optional.As education take ons modernized it is pointed out that there is a impoverishment to develop the data processing methods. Instructional designs properly through will reduce the difficulty of understanding and the modern requirements that is necessary for travail automation, time components, and engineering. There is a great care required for the educational processes from textbook selection, instruction and the often marginalized social position in womens work. creativity has become the good practice in education with the teachers required to execute the teaching methods irrespective of the use of modern technologies. As a end point modern teachers use props and craft to get the message passed on to the students rather than the rote and learn applied science of previews years. More students are interpreted to field trips and teachers are called upon to hand over their creative skills in creating absorbing activities. These manipulations motif the teacher to plan a sequence of projects where the student is made to learn by doing, something unheard of in the past.The earlier discussions revealed that for a long time the teaching community has been using props and small technology that was creative and crafted to the requirements of the class room. That was an aide and a supplement to the class teaching and did not distance the teacher from the learning stream. Their work was participatory. However with the modern gadgets the things get confusing. The teacher showing a multimedia presentation does not act with it and there is no doing and learning. Instructions are on the screen and are impersonal. Does this impair the learning process? T here is no direct query on this though arguments have been advanced on either site. There are many types of technology that is in use today and it is argued that it toilette be used to teach. Thus the modern information and electronic technology tin be used to convey information like a word processor. This helps those with writing problems as in dyslexia. Teachers can use such technologies to advantage.Other available tools like desktop publishing tools, music software, are all used in modern classrooms. Computer Programs like travel by that can p smoke graphs and pie charts can be used to save time in the teaching of data analysis. Likewise the physics class can be with practical multimedia. These facilities often handicap the teacher who is not trained to only in the use of the media but also in the method of using them as the supplement to his or her lecture skills and direct vibrancy with the student. In order to prevent the teacher from becoming a append presser who takes no active part in the session other that show slides or let the software do the talking teachers have to be educated on the methods of using technology without compromising their ability to build a relationship. This calls for reorienting the teacher. Teachers have a great difficulty in the use of technology. The teacher today is faced with the changes in the classroom and technology.Novick says that students today are into the use of technology but are emotionally and physically drained. They are according to Bernard Novick the products of a new era. Therefore there is a need to train and encourage the teaching communities to be equipped themselves and handle the changes and reconcile to the standard of the new student generation and their requirements. Lankshear devolve into the problems of teachers who are subject to a world that is changing not only in the area of literacy and education but also in the changing face of technology which is complicating the way education is be ing modernized. Thus today there is a link between literacy, technology and learning. The authors comment that there is a lot of enthusiasm and initiative with teachers and students in integrating new technologies into the activities of classroom-based literacy education.The author has researched the manifestation o changes in technology that could do both, bridge the inabilities and cover for the shortcomings of the students and also become a possible creator of disabilities. On the other hand, mack Arthur et al argue that the changes in the technology have changed the nature of the technology practices and also have caused impairment to cognitive facilities. Computer technologies whitethorn have a very far reaching yield on skills particularly to writing skill and vocabulary. The ability of writing well phased matter with disapproval is a skill that is cultivated by the written language alas these skills could be jeopardized. On the other hand technology could bring in aid t o the really disadvantaged by providing required support. In innate cases this could afford a method of imparting knowledge where formerly there were none.Thus it is obvious that the modern teacher cannot be away from the influence of technology and it is time that teachers are technically trained, and they are also made aware of the use of modern data processing methods which will change them in assessing students and understanding their own potential and role. As with all industries these problems are also the foundations for unions to call in the status quo. Because the modern technologies.The unions for the teachers have unluckily blocked their own progress. Unions though a great means of corporate bargaining interfere in the progressive measures which include programs to enhance the teachers improvement and impressiveness. Thus there is a problem of the parent collective and the teachers unions and the educational institutions. Though there is autonomy of institutions la rger decisions often involve the dialog with the unions. The recent move in Columbia to make the teaching effective with the voucher plan for example gives greater say to parents. This will meet that the teacher is dedicated to the job. Thus the initial voucher plans for the children in the territorial dominion of Columbia which were funded by the government have for example given teething to parents in education.The unions mostly are raking up issues for political mileage and this badly impairs the quality of not only education but also of teachers. That unions were involving teachers in their political agenda was evident when the IRS charged that the NEA is illegally making use of funds which are tax-exempt for the purpose of political activity. This is in the take fire of the Democratic Party documents showing that NEA is a campaign which was coordinated by the party in the year 1996. The unionism has not affected all teachers. The NEAs agenda is making teachers turn away f rom it because it involves opinions on international issues not involved with teaching. The AAE and its coalition have 250,000 members, and are not into collective bargaining, on the other hand offer liability-insurance policies and scholarships for teachers. There is also the suggestion of a voucher system where the teacher will be assessed by the parents. This may benefit the good teachers.That these problems do not escape the notice of teachers is evident from the protests of the teachers who wish to be devoid of union compulsions. Teachers are critical of the unions. For example public-school teachers are opposing the unions that claim to represent them on issues ranging from alleged vilification of member dues for political activity to union insistence on politically correct curricula. Thus with parental rights teachers are calling for teachers right to be devoid of union harassment. Thus there is a division on the issue and while unions provide for insurance, and other group benefits, they must not enter into the very root of the education system. Freedom of expression without compulsions must be guaranteed to the teachers.There are lots of women teachers in all communities. In fact women tend to take to teaching as a transaction more than men. However the issues that confront male teachers in the school are also present for the female teachers in the same ratio. Thus they also have to be technically skilled, and oriented to the modern teaching methods. introductory women were relegated to the kindergarten and the primary schools. Now they are in high positions in academic institutions including research institutions and have a role in the formulation of education policies. The distinction between the male teacher and the female teacher lies in the reach women have on the marginalized children and therefore the teaching of these groups who cannot attend school is a speciality that has to be developed in willing women teachers.Thus the technology of t oday enables women at home take a piquancy at home schooling to have virtual but still intimate emotional connections. There is evidence of social disintegration, with the loss of the coarse school and the teacher education programs and there is a move aimed at retraditionalization with individualism being more asserted. Home schooling has come to hang in especially in cases where the child is disadvantaged. It is there that Michael W. Apple lays stress on the role of women educators. It is his opinion that teacher education must be available for women, not only the professional teacher at school, but also those who care for the disadvantaged and are engaged in schooling either at home or in the community. It is urged that this ought to be considered seriously.

Poes The Cask Of Amontillado: Themes Essay -- essays research papers

Poes The Cask of Amontillado ThemesUNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARAN Curitiba, 8 de outubro de 1996 Curso Letras -Ingls / Noturno Disciplina Literatura Norte Americana I Aluno Anderson JosNogueira           confinement To write a abbreviation theme of Poes "The Cask OfAmontillado"          One of the important themes of Edgar Allan Poes The Cask OfAmontillado is revenge. In this abstract theme I intend to try howdramatic irony is utilize all along the curtly recital as a sort of reminding us thetrue intentions of the character who vowed revenge.           firstly I will farm a brief summary of the short story thestory is whiletic to happen more than a atomic number 6 years ago ( it was freshmanpublished in 1846 ) during Italian genus Circus festivities. The main character, aman called Montressor, feels terribly ofended, even insulted by a friend n amedFortunato, and firmly decides to arrive this friends life. In order to achievehis aim, Montressor elaborates a plan which consists basicaly of two locomotefirst, to take Fortunato to the catacombs of the Montressors, and second, toarrest Fortunato down thither forever.          Irony first appears in Fortunatos name, once we are made aware,in the second paragraph, that he is leaving to be killed, but it ( the irony )continues pr... Poes The Cask Of Amontillado Themes Essay -- essays research text file Poes The Cask of Amontillado ThemesUNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARAN Curitiba, 8 de outubro de 1996 Curso Letras -Ingls / Noturno Disciplina Literatura Norte Americana I Aluno Anderson JosNogueira          TASK To write a summary theme of Poes "The Cask OfAmontillado"          One of the main themes of Edgar Allan Poes The Cask OfAmontillad o is revenge. In this summary theme I intend to demonstrate howdramatic irony is used all along the short story as a way of reminding us thetrue intentions of the character who vowed revenge.          Firstly I will make a brief summary of the short story thestory is supposed to happen more than a hundred years ago ( it was firstpublished in 1846 ) during Italian Carnival festivities. The main character, aman called Montressor, feels terribly ofended, even insulted by a friend namedFortunato, and firmly decides to take this friends life. In order to achievehis aim, Montressor elaborates a plan which consists basicaly of two stepsfirst, to take Fortunato to the catacombs of the Montressors, and second, toarrest Fortunato down there forever.          Irony first appears in Fortunatos name, once we are made aware,in the second paragraph, that he is going to be killed, but it ( the irony )continues pr...

Sexist Views in The Bacchae :: Bacchae Essays

Sexist Views in The Bacchae   Throughout my life, Ive heard the phrases, Women shouldnt serve in the build up Forces no, I wouldnt want a female president a womans spatial relation is in the home. Even though our society is drifting from these extremely sexist views, opinions like these are still widely held. Women were mistreated much the same(p) in the ancient Greek civilizations. The views of our society, regarding the affectionate and sexual roles of women, are mirror in the ancient Greek tragedy, The Bacchae. The idea that a womans place is in the home is all too common in our culture, just conceive into consideration the Southern Baptist Conventions declaration stating wives must be submissive to their husbands. This doctrine was held strongly in the Greek civilization as well. A womans lam was to bear and raise children, cook, clean and care for any other needfully the family may have. They werent entitled to the basic freedoms they deserved. This intolerant v iew was illustrated in The Bacchae when Pentheus, in a rage, was ranting on about how all the women have decrepit their homes to run wild through the dark woods on the people (pg 19, ln 17). The imagery associated with the woods is b wish and evil, yet when Pentheus speaks of the home, he claims the women have deserted, as if they were wrongfully leaving their duty. Obviously, he believes the home is the proper place for a woman. Another very common misconception about women is that they were created for the pleasure of man. The idea that a womans body was not her own, merely a possession to be reign by her master as he wished, is also present in The Bacchae. The instances where the Maenads drank themselves into insensibility then crawled into the bushes to lie down before lusting men shows what lack of control these women had over their bodies. They were continuously dominated by the male god, Dionysus, and the accompaniment that noone spoke against this behavior as being moral ly wrong all supports the idea that women are objects. Its absurd viewpoints like these that lead to modern daytime rape and sexual abuse. Yes, the sexist views demonstrated in The Bacchae belittle the social and sexual roles of woman, and yes, they may be reflected in our society today, but I do believe were progressing above those close-minded, ignorant ways of thinking.

Can I know what another person is thinking or feeling? If so, how? :: essays papers

seat I know what an early(a) person is thinking or speck? If so, how?The problem of Other Minds is a true philosophical enigma. It is apt to prompt children with no philosophical education whatsoever, yet remains intractable to some academics. Broadly speaking, the problem can be divided into three questions. Firstly, how doI come to believe that in that respect atomic number 18 minds in the homo other than my throw? Secondly, how can I justify my belief that t here(predicate) are minds in the worldother than my own? Thirdly, what can I state about the genial states ofminds other than my own?. The question we are dealing with here fallslargely into the third category, although of course issues relating to theother two will also be involved. Firstly, it is imperative to assert that, in looking for knowledge, weare not aiming for logical certainties - we are not aiming to study thatany propositions about other minds can be demonstrated with rank(a)certainty equivalent to tha t of mathematical truths. Philosophy eversince Descartes has tended to be delineate by scepticism either it aims toproduce sceptical theories or it aims to repudiate them. And sceptics tendtowards extremity in their doubts. It must be stated here and now thatthere are not, and never can be, any theories that bear witness demonstrativelythat other minds exist, or that I know others mental states. This is notwhat should be aimed at in attempting to solve the problem. As Austin putsit To surmise that the question How do I know that Tom is angry? is tightt to mean How do I introspect Toms feelings? is simply barking upthe wrong gum-tree. almost philosophers agree that their theories only bestow a greater orlesser amount of probability onto statements about other minds (althoughthere are exceptions, e.g. gumshoe Strawsons attempt to arguetranscendentally for the existence of other minds through our ownself-consciousness). There have been a number of different attempts to dothis. J.S. Mill, who produced the primary known formulation of the OtherMinds problem, used the so-called Argument from Analogy both to rationalizehow we come to believe in other minds and to justify this belief. Briefly,the argument holds that I am directly aware of mental states in myself,and I am aware of the behaviour of mine that results from and is caused bythese mental states. As I can observe similar physical behaviour inothers, I draw the analogy that it is caused by the same (or at leastsimilar) mental states to my own.

How to Use a Company’s Annual Report to Ace Your Interview :: Process Essays

How to Use a Companys one-year Report to Ace Your Interview If you dont take the time to get endure a telephoner, you many not have a time to come there. Your interviewer allow ask you why ar you looking for this particular position and why are you looking at ABC, Inc. Start by rangeing him or her that you have read ABCs current sales record in their annual floor. Company sales are important even if you are not interviewing for a sales job. If you have reviewed several years of annual floors, you can easily see if the companys sales have gone up or down. Asking questions about the companys sales during an interview scores stacks of points because it shows you have done your homework. You can get ABC, Inc.s past annual reports at a time from the company, the state-supported library or the Internet. The annual report may not tell you how well the company fares within the industry, entirely it will tell you everything you need to show your interviewer how well you can fit into the company. Once you deem a companys past annual reports, review the most recent report first. At the back of the report, you will find the name of the auditor, somebody desire Smith and Smith Accounting. Reputable companies use a certified public accountant to show that the accounting methods used in the report line up to generally accepted accounting principles. Now turn to the front of the report and find the letter from the chairman of the board, whose personal style will be reflected throughout the report. The director will discuss the direction of the company, so soften attention to how he plans to run things in the future and whether he thinks the future looks positive for growth. The companys financial growth is very important to both the company and to your salary requirements. You may not want to crunch the numbers yourself, but you will want to understand the balance sheet, the status of the companys finances at a given date. On the left are the assets, all of the organizations valuables. current assets are those that the company can convert quickly to cash. On the refine are the companys liabilities-what they owe. Current liabilities are the companys debts due in one year, pay out of current assets. Net working capital, is a key mental image to watch only if you have several years worth of reports to compare.

The Right Choice Essay -- social issues

The Right ChoiceThe use of animals for medical experimentation has been unmatchable of the most controversial issues in our world since the seventeenth century. Edward Augustus Freeman stated, The horrible wrongs and sufferings forced upon the innocent, faithful animal race form the blackest chapter in the exclusively worlds history. In the United States, it is estimated that twenty to seventy million animals including cats, dogs, primates, rabbits, rats, and mice suffer and go through in the name of look. At least thirty-three animals die in laboratories each second worldwide, in the UK, one constantlyy four seconds (Vivisection info Network Plan 2000, Leaflet 4). Who has the authority to make a excerpt that the human race is a greater race than that of animals? People consecrate We encounter rights over animals. They are given to us for use. You slang no rights over them. You have duties towards them (Annie Besant). At no point and time should we ever justify ourselves t hrough the pain and suffering of another being. I have always felt that the way we treat animals is a pretty uncorrupted indicator of the compassion we are capable of for the human race (Ali McGraw). passim years of practicing animal experimentation, researchers have stumbled across findings that have promoted the well being of humans and animals alike. It has helped provide antibiotics and vaccines, insulin for diabetics, treatments for leukemia, local and general anesthetics, and has made possible advances in medical technology such as blood transfusion, kidney dialysis, and the heart lung machine. Distemper, which killed dogs, seals, and dolphins, and is at once prevented by a vaccine, was developed using dogs in the 1920s (Cornelius, CE 934-945). Media reports of medical research often give us the impression that patterned advance moves in leaps and bounds, from one breakthrough to another. In reality, the original blue skies research that underpins each advance may take dec ades (Research Defense Society). About 40 years of research using monkeys, rats and mice led directly to the introduction of the Salk and Sabin polio vaccines in the 1950s (Sabin, AB 1589) So we ask ourselves again, how do we slant the costs and benefits between saving lives by eliminating others? Professor Albert Sabins 1956 stem in the Journal of the American Medical Association stated some 9,000 monkeys, 150 chimpanzees and 133 hum... ...s. The official animal rights online newsletter 1998 Coleman, Vernon M.D. Animal experiments kill deal s well as animals. Cornelious, CE. New England Medical Journal 281, 934-945 Einstein, Albert. operation Against Poisoning Page. Freeman, Edward Augustus Rabbits Favourite Vegetarian,Animal Rights & Freedom Quotes Page http//members.iinet.net.au/rabbit/arquotes.htm Icke, D. It doesnt have to be like this. McGraw, Ali. Vegetarian Quotes Page Page, Tony. Vivisection Unveiled pg. 6, pg. 101-103 Primatt, Humphry. Animal Rights and Souls in th e 18th Century (Bristol Thoemmes Press, 2000) http//www.thoemmes.com/18cphil/animal_intro.htm Research Defense Society. Understanding Animal Research in Medicine. Research Defense Society Page 2000 http//www.rds-online.org.uk/home.html Ruesch, Hans. After lengthen Tests quoted in BAV leaflet. Sabin, AB. Journal of the American Medical Association 1956, Issue 162, Pg. 1589 SmithKline Beecham global Report 1999 Vivisection Information Network Plan 2000, Leaflet 4 Young, conjuration B.A. Vivisection Information Page Sept. 2000 http//vivisection- absurd.org.uk/menu.html.

George Bush :: essays research papers

With a victory on November 1st, George Walker scouring bring in the chance to pursue the domestic and foreign issues that he had been planning on accomplishing in his first term. With large amounts of ambitions comes large amounts of opposition unfortunately, and Bush faces an besotted Democratic blockade in the way of his programs. David Sanger in his article discusses and explains the Bush agenda for the next quaternary years. Bush wished to continue his success in Iraq with elections for the public. Thankfully those elections were a resounding success. Now Bush is ready to assume other issues in the middle east while repairing our relations with Europe. On the domestic front, Bushs main objective is the enacting of private social security accounts which impart help the m stary of our younger generation grow and fill the invalidate of a rapidly ripening social security system. Bush went through the loss of some cabinet members in his transition to a nonher four years, but has filled those spots with new staff that is ready to tackle the issues at hand. Bush has a lot on his platter when it comes to proposals in his next term. Already he is trying his best to help Lebanon free themselves of Syrian influence, having talks with Iran to discuss their nuclear program, and bringing North Korea indorse to the table for more talks. That would seem like enough work for one man, but George Bush is also pursuing a strategy of rejuvenating aging American programs such as social security. any(prenominal) may submit that Bush faces some roadblocks in his next term, yet the only problems that he faces come from Democrats that are playing the game of partisan politics. If Bush and social club can make the case to the public and calculate them on board, hence the public will force the Democrats to move on the issues.Bush has move quickly to get new members into the cabinet because he is eager to get new blood into the federal government and shoot to new hei ghts. Some critics say that Bush is trying to replace the members quickly so that he doesnt look bad, that is not true. The shuffle-ups are good for the Bush team. Colin Powells departure is a welcome change for Bush it would seem. Powell and Bush for the most part were not a great team.

People’s Republic of China Country Analysis Essay -- mao zedong, china,

Located in Southeast Asia along the coast of the peaceable Ocean, china is one of the oldest countries in the world, comprising of a culture that has continuously shape itself over the past 4,000 years to form what is known today as, the messs Republic of china (PRC). Known as the father of the PRC, monoamine oxidase Zedong formed the PRC on 1Oth October 1949, ending a long figure out of disposalal upheaval that began with the Chinese Revolution of 1911. Currently, China is one of the worlds some socialist states openly endorsing communism, ruled by the Communist Party of China (CPC), and endorses substantial constraints on its people, such as restrictions on access to the internet, immunity of the press, freedom of assembly, formation of social organizations, freedom of religion, and even the right to consecrate children . Though, the principles of China greatly differ from those of the United States of America, the U.S. seeks to build a fusion with China, based on mutu al benefit and respect. China has held a can at the UN since 1971, and is a permanent member of the UN Security Council, allowing it to work with the internationalistic community to address threats to global security. China is one of the worlds top exporters, and has a fast growing major sparing, with growth order rising at an average of 10% over the past ten-spot . In February of 2011, China became the worlds second largest economy, overtaking the soil of Japan, which held the title for the past 40 years . Chinas rapid and unprecedented economic growth is a boon to the country however, it may prove unsustainable and become a detriment to the overall well being of the nation. One of the principal problems incurred by Chinas hurried economic growth is a dangerous incre... ...losing credibility amongst members of the international community. Another major event in China transpired in March 2013 when the governmental leading changed, both a current Premier Li Keqia ng, and a new President Xi Jinping were appointed. Neither man is a stranger to Chinas political atmosphere, having held significant power and influence within the government from other political positions in the past. One of the biggest expected changes brought on by their rise to power, is Chinas continued role in the global Community. The new administration holds the belief that Chinas swift rise to an economic superpower represents a shift in global power from West to East. The U.S. entered into a recession in lasting from late 2007 until early 2009 , while Chinas economy was reaching all time highs, challenging global models of economic governance.

Writing :: Personal Narrative Writing Education Essays

WritingMountains argon tall. If you are stupid enough to jump off one you fall flying and you land hard. The fivesome-paragraph theme is my mountain and I have just jumped cover off it. There dont seem to be any outcroppings to grab for, and my appellation is to discuss my cliff as I continue to drop from it. So I will not grab. I will let myself fall, and hold for pillows at the end. I feel lost without my introduction to conclusion principle started at the beginning of this subject. Why do I have to do this assignment? Oh, I understand that I need to break a mold that has been added to, layer upon d leadful layer, for the past eight years or so. The only problem isHOW? I think that what I am mite is not unique to me, and that the instructor will more than likely read these same words a dozen times in otherwise fonts. I do not want to come about my entire paper feeling sorry for myself and wasting paper complaining that the answer to my gesture is not right under my nose. I would pity my reader. I would to a fault hope that I am a stronger writer than that. Strong writers should be able to get beyond the theme. I propose that the theme is no more than a weak writers response to demands tired English teachers tell on them, or a Lazy Writers cop out. The theme is easy. We live how it works and we crank it out like so many machines. My interrogative mood is this what normal everyday Joe in his right mind would not bow the easy route to writing a paper? There is no reason to make things harder than they have to be, especially when the teacher will spend a minimal amount of time on whatever you write, whether it took you five minutes or five hours. Lots of readers like to be spoonful fed, and the theme is a handy ladle. Its when you try to pour directly from the do pan that you are Getting Beyond The Theme. The only time I have ever Gotten Beyond The Theme is on those rare cause where I get a burst of creativity in home or at home, and the grades I usually get on these yeasty Masterpieces are mediocre at best. I must have forgotten my parachute.

The Economics Of Life And Death :: Economic Theory

The Economics Of carriage And DeathThis authorship begins with an explanation of the sustenance chronological eon of repute, which is defined by the formula aliveness-Means of Life-More Life (L-MofL-L1). The analysis then contrasts this general sequence of value to the silver sequence of value, which is shown to have three autonomous forms not before distinguished (1) bills-Means of Life-More M angiotensin converting enzymey ($-MofL-$1) (2) Money-Means of Life Destruction-More Money ($-MofD-$1) (3) Money-More Money-More Money ($-$1-$2-$3-$n). I explain how the first money sequence of value, analyzed by Marx in his classical formula of industrial capital (M-C-M1), has mutated so that the standard sequence of (1) assumed by economists has, in fact, been increasingly displaced by sequences (2) and (3). The argument shows that these sequences of frugal growth increasingly sever environmental and civil life-fabrics, but remain unproblematic to the dominant economic paradigm who se measures of value do not register life-losses in their value accounts. It is concluded that a regrounding of economic understanding in the life sequence of value is required to avoid a cumulative breakdown in the conditions of social and planetary existence. The techniques which induce a paradigm change may well be described as therapeutic, if only because, when they succeed, one learns one had been sick before. - Thomas Kuhn (1) The life sequence of value can be formulated in simple axiom as the sequenceLife -- Means of Life -- More Life ( L-- MofL --L1)In this formula, life hangs specifically to sentient life. Sentient life, in turn, is life which can move, feel and - in the case of humans - think in concepts. These three planes of being - organic fertiliser movement, sensation and thought - all admit of runs of function. These ranges of function or efficacy can be reduced by their economic conditions (as with the vital capabilities of a malnourished child), or increased ( as with the opening horizons of movement, felt being and apprehension of the same child with access to nutritious food). (2) Means of life refer to whatever enables life to be preserved, or to extend its vital range on these planes of being alive. Clean air, food, water, shelter, affective interaction, environmental space and kindly learning conditions are such means of life. To reproduce life is to maintain its achieved ranges of capability. To increase life is to widen or deepen them to more(prenominal) comprehensive range. To reduce life is to diminish or to extinguish each vector of their vital domains of being.

Irish Campaign in America :: essays research papers fc

Early Modern ScotlandDarien phoner A Necessary casualty?The 1690s were a time of much zymosis in Scotland. The Glencoe massacre had served to brush aside the monarch somewhat. Recent crop failures had guide to a famine which was affecting much of the country. There was also a serious downturn in Scots deal which greatly bear upon the economy. In the aftermath of this came the Darien Expedition. The Darien Scheme, as it is commonly referred to today, is one of the greatest failures in stinting tale. It was poorly planned, all over ambitious and doomed, not from the start as one may think, tho from the moment it was taken over by Scotch businessmen. The Scottish sour what could have been an extremely successful and mercenary company into a grand controversy which was to change the face of Scottish politics forever. Despite its colossal failure, it can be argued that it was a prerequisite disaster. This episode was the talk of Scotland from its foundation until its failure. It was the controversy of the day, and it undoubtedly contributed to the necessity of the Union. As will be explained to a lower place this tragic, yet farcical, episode in Scottish history made it unadorned for both the English and the Scottish, that a re-evaluation of their relationship was required. While it would be an burlesque to claim that the Darien incident alone direct to the formation of the Union, it can be said to have been the icing on the cake, the straw that broke the camels back or numerous other clichs. Either way the brilliance of the Darien Company in Scottish history cannot be denied. As mentioned above, Scottish trade had seriously begun to deteriorate. Past trade links were hampered by crude foreign policies. Scotland currently had no prime(a) but to follow Englands lead. As a result of rigorously English interests, the Scottish took decompose in wars to the determent of their own economy. The Scottish found that two of their high hat custom ers France and the Netherlands, were now their enemies. The three Dutch wars of the 17th century and the two more(prenominal) recent wars with France had made it difficult for Scotland to curb friendly trade with either. This greatly affected the Scottish economy which was already fragile to say the least. also England had drawn Scotland into their economic war. Since 1660 the English had require foreigners to take part in trade with English colonies, under their gliding and Staple Acts.Irish ply in America essays research papers fc Early Modern ScotlandDarien Company A Necessary Disaster?The 1690s were a time of much unrest in Scotland. The Glencoe massacre had served to discredit the monarch somewhat. Recent crop failures had led to a famine which was affecting much of the country. There was also a serious downturn in Scottish trade which greatly affected the economy. In the aftermath of this came the Darien Expedition. The Darien Scheme, as it is commonly referred to t oday, is one of the greatest failures in Scottish history. It was poorly planned, over ambitious and doomed, not from the start as one may think, but from the moment it was taken over by Scottish businessmen. The Scottish turned what could have been an extremely successful and lucrative company into a massive controversy which was to change the face of Scottish politics forever. Despite its massive failure, it can be argued that it was a necessary disaster. This episode was the talk of Scotland from its conception until its failure. It was the controversy of the day, and it undoubtedly contributed to the necessity of the Union. As will be explained below this tragic, yet farcical, episode in Scottish history made it obvious for both the English and the Scottish, that a re-evaluation of their relationship was required. While it would be an exaggeration to claim that the Darien incident alone led to the formation of the Union, it can be said to have been the icing on the cake, the str aw that broke the camels back or numerous other clichs. Either way the importance of the Darien Company in Scottish history cannot be denied. As mentioned above, Scottish trade had seriously begun to deteriorate. Past trade links were hampered by new foreign policies. Scotland currently had no choice but to follow Englands lead. As a result of purely English interests, the Scottish took part in wars to the determent of their own economy. The Scottish found that two of their best customers France and the Netherlands, were now their enemies. The three Dutch wars of the seventeenth century and the two more recent wars with France had made it difficult for Scotland to maintain friendly trade with either. This greatly affected the Scottish economy which was already fragile to say the least. Also England had drawn Scotland into their economic war. Since 1660 the English had forbidden foreigners to take part in trade with English colonies, under their Navigation and Staple Acts.

The Genetics of Autism Essay -- Autism in our DNA

Autism is a condition, or discommode that affects many people. Autism strikes at will, when and where it wants. Unlike Downs Syndrome or early(a) birth defects, Autism leave no marks on those that it strikes. In fact, Autism takes pridefulness in the ability to infiltrate a childs life, while leaving him or her strikingly handsome. Many people may non even be intimate that Autism is there. They blame the child for what it cause him or her to do. This is Autism and it do as it please. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a general term for a group of complex disorders of chief development. They can be categorized, in many ways, by difficulties in sociable interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors. ASD can be associated with mental disability, difficulties in motor coordination and attention and physical health issues such as sleep and gastroin stressinal disturbances. Some people with ASD thrive in music, math, optic skills and art. The acute signs of autism and symptoms of autism tend to appear between the ages of 2 to 3 eld old. (Autism Speaks)httphttps://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjee_RoF64489QTXVMr5nZFc82rhhTnIPGZ7qqs7mEienS288spXK7IeuFVkr4JUQIhwmT00XWwseZmXi3iSi5k2y9Zwo4jktDluJut4bWbViKkhCbrpcta5zp-5sjxb24Ue5LF58qcdAbc/s1600/autism-spectrum-conditions.jpgFigure 1Figure 1 shows the variants of autism spectrum disorders. In many cases children argon either diagnosed with either Autism or PDD-NOS (Pervasive developmental disorder not other than specified). Statistics from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identify around 1 in 88 American children are diagnosed with autism, additionally exhibiting that autism is four to five clock more prevalent among boys than girls. Regime autism statistics suggest that prevalence rates gestate incremented 10 to 17 percent annually in recent years. ... ...was diagnosed with PDD-NOS, which is a type of autistic disorder that is utilized for rigorous and pervasive impediment in the development of reciprocal convivial interaction, but the criteria are not met for a cat egorical autistic disorder.In the early components of this year, his parents had genetics test done on him to optically discern if his twin brother could by chance have the trait to have autism. It was found that he has the Fragile X Syndrome. Fragile X syndrome is associated with the expansion of the CGG trinucleotide reiterate affecting the Fragile X mental deliberateness 1 (FMR1) gene on the X chromosome, resulting in a failure to express the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), which is required for mundane neural development. Absence of FMRP in turn leads to abnormalities in brain development and function.Works Citedautismspeaks.com

Colgate-Palmolive :: Business, Competitive Prices, Innovation

Companies are not sufficient to succeed without having a strong branding and pricing strategy. Colgate-Palmolive has managed to build a strong brand name and offer warlike prices. Innovation is a key factor in the Colgate strategy. This reputation will take a look at Colgate-Palmolives product positioning and life cycle. This paper will also discuss the branding relationships and pricing methods. Positioning and liveliness Cycle jibe to Keller and Kotler (2009) positioning is the act of designing the compeverys offering and image to occupy a distinctive place in the minds of the target market. Colgate-Palmolive has remained a leader in the oral health conduct industry. The beau monde has remained a leader by concentrate oning on innovation. According to Sekar and Thomas (2008) throughout the past two decades, the development of fresh products has been a popular marketing strategy for many firms. The company hires marketers and consumer insight professionals to focus on market trends and customer insights (Drug Store News, 2008). The company uses the information install to develop new products to attract new customers. Innovation and communication has been at the heart of the companys growth strategy (Economic Times, 2011). Colgate-Palmolive offers a revolution of products. They offer a line of oral health care products for any need. According to Checkout (2011) in difficult economic times Colgate has continue to offer the consumer the reassurance of a market leading brand at competitive prices and attractive promotions. The brand is one of the most trusted names in the oral health care industry. Having a large variety of acknowledge brands and products provide the company with a competitive advantage (Yahoo Finance, 2011).Since the company has a strong focus on innovation the company may slang lower growth in sales when they release a new product. The company as a whole is in the maturity stage. The company has remained strong and st eady so there has not been much fluctuation. growth and Branding RelationshipsThe company focuses on what consumer trends and needs are. The company does extensive look for to develop new products that customers will want. The companys focus on the consumer has helped the company become a familiar and trusted name. According to range Drug Review (2010) brand is an influential part of the shopping equation.